Articles | Volume 8, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-361-2017
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-361-2017
Research article
 | 
30 Mar 2017
Research article |  | 30 Mar 2017

Precise age for the Permian–Triassic boundary in South China from high-precision U-Pb geochronology and Bayesian age–depth modeling

Björn Baresel, Hugo Bucher, Morgane Brosse, Fabrice Cordey, Kuang Guodun, and Urs Schaltegger

Abstract. This study is based on zircon U-Pb ages of 12 volcanic ash layers and volcanogenic sandstones from two deep water sections with conformable and continuous formational Permian–Triassic boundaries (PTBs) in the Nanpanjiang Basin (South China). Our dates of single, thermally annealed and chemically abraded zircons bracket the PTB in Dongpan and Penglaitan and provide the basis for a first proof-of-concept study utilizing a Bayesian chronology model comparing the three sections of Dongpan, Penglaitan and the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) at Meishan. Our Bayesian modeling demonstrates that the formational boundaries in Dongpan (251.939 ± 0.030 Ma), Penglaitan (251.984 ± 0.031 Ma) and Meishan (251.956 ± 0.035 Ma) are synchronous within analytical uncertainty of  ∼  40 ka. It also provides quantitative evidence that the ages of the paleontologically defined boundaries, based on conodont unitary association zones in Meishan and on macrofaunas in Dongpan, are identical and coincide with the age of the formational boundaries. The age model also confirms the extreme condensation around the PTB in Meishan, which distorts the projection of any stratigraphic points or intervals onto other more expanded sections by means of Bayesian age–depth models. Dongpan and Penglaitan possess significantly higher sediment accumulation rates and thus offer a greater potential for high-resolution studies of environmental proxies and correlations around the PTB than Meishan. This study highlights the power of high-resolution radio-isotopic ages that allow a robust intercalibration of patterns of biotic changes and fluctuating environmental proxies and will help recognizing their global, regional or local significance.

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Short summary
This study re-evaluates the characterization of the Permian–Triassic boundary based on high-precision U-Pb geochronology from two marine sections (Dongpan and Penglaitan) with continuous and conformable stage boundaries in the Nanpanjiang Basin (southern China). These new dates provide the basis for a first proof-of-concept study utilizing a Bayesian statistic age–depth chronology comparing these two sections with the Global Stratotype Section and Point at Meishan (western China).