We have analysed here a publication of Polom et al. (2018) on shear wave velocity reflection study in the Ghor Al-Haditha area (Jordan) that did not detect buried salt layer suggested earlier by other researchers. We suggest that the salt layer is located at ~ 40 m depth in the Ghor Al-Haditha area. It is very important because presence or absence of salt in the study area influences on the selection of the model of sinkhole formation and safety of the tourism, engineering and agriculture.

Time domain electromagnetic (TEM) geophysics data originally collected for mining purposes was re-processed and inverted. The new inversions were used in a constructing a 3D model of the subsurface geology to facilitate hydrogeological investigations within a DANIDA funded project. Improved resolutions from the TEM enabled the identification of possible paleovalleys of glacial origin suggesting the need for a re-evaluation of the current lithostratigraphy of the Voltaian sedimentary basin.

The metamorphism of the Pulo do Lobo unit (SW Iberian Massif) is described in this paper. To this end, three different and complementary methodologies have been applied. The new results reported here contribute to the knowledge of the metamorphic conditions of the Pulo do Lobo unit in relation to its deformation. Furthermore, the results are compared in order to assess the reliability of the different methods applied.

Here we discuss the validity of so-called break-up markers along the Newfoundland margin, challenging their perceived suitability for plate kinematic reconstructions of the southern North Atlantic. We do this on the basis of newly available seismic transects across the Southern Newfoundland Basin. Our new data contradicts current interpretations of the extent of oceanic lithosphere and illustrates the need for a different for constraining the plate kinematics of the Iberian plate pre M0 times.

Seismic waves attenuate with distance due to two effects: (1) removal of energy by internal friction and (2) redistribution of energy into different distances and time windows by scattering from heterogeneous Earth structure. The relative contribution of these two effects is estimated by synthesizing seismograms having varying amounts of internal friction and heterogeneities. The attenuation of observed S waveforms require contributions from both internal friction and scattering.

Faults form due to stresses caused by crustal processes. As faults influence the stress field locally, interaction between them often leads to local variations in the stress field, but this is difficult to observe directly. We describe an outcrop of one fault abuting into another one. By careful measurement of structures in the overlapping deformation zones, and separating them by their relative age, we show a rotation in the local stress fied resulting from the faults growing to each other.

This study presents an approach that combines equilibrium thermodynamic modelling with oxygen isotope fractionation modelling for investigating fluid/rock interaction in metamorphic systems. An application to subduction zones shows that chemical and isotopic zoning in minerals can be used to determine feasible fluid sources and the conditions of interaction. Slab-derived fluids can cause oxygen isotope variations in the mantle wedge that may result in anomalous isotopic signatures of arc lavas.

Changes in the Earth's elastic strength at increasing timescales of deformation affect predictions of its response to the shifting weight of the oceans caused by tides. We show that these changes are detectable using GPS and must be accounted for, but that 3-D or locally-tuned models of the Earth's behaviour around the East China Sea provide only slightly better predictions than a simpler model which varies only with depth. Use of this model worldwide will improve precise positioning by GPS.

The Amazon biome has a rich biodiversity, as well as the soils that suffer from the current intensive deforestation, so this work brings important information of the soils of this biome evaluating the most diverse aspects and relating with the dynamics of this complex ecosystem. Bringing important results such as clay mineralogy revealed that the poor chemistry due to the low CTC of these soils is related to the source material and not to environmental removal, as is common in Amazonian soils.

In this paper we investigate the phyisical mechanisms of tectonic nappe formation by high-resolution nurmical modeling. Tectonic nappes are key structural features of many mountain chains, that are packets of rocks discplaced, sometimes even up to 100 km, from their originial position. However, the physical mechanisms involved, are not fully understood. We solve numerically equations of fluid and solid dynamics, to improve our knowledge. The results are compared with data from the Helvetic Alps.

A magnitude 5.3 reverse-faulting earthquake on the 16/09/2018 near Lake Muir in southwest Western Australia was followed on the 8/11/2018 by a co-located magnitude 5.2 strike-slip event. Analysis reveals that the first event produced an approximately 3 km long and up to 0.5 m high west-facing surface rupture. New stable continental region rupture-length versus magnitude scaling relationships suggest longer ruptures for a given magnitude than implied by commonly used scaling relationships.